Understanding Epilepsy: Separating Myths from Facts

Austin Cole
May 26
5 min read

Updated: Jul 15

The Truth Behind Common Misconceptions

Living with epilepsy or supporting someone with it can be challenging. Misunderstandings can cause stigma and fear. It’s essential to understand the truth behind the common myths about this neurological condition.

Myth: Epilepsy is Contagious

Fact: Epilepsy is a neurological condition, not an infection. You cannot “catch” epilepsy from someone, no matter how close you are. It is simply not contagious. Similar to migraine or asthma, it involves brain activity, not germs.

In fact, in about half of epilepsy cases, the cause is unknown. Only a small percentage of cases have a family link. Even if you live with or share drinks with someone who has epilepsy, you face zero risk of developing it from them.

Myth: All Seizures Involve Violent Shaking or Fits

Fact: Seizures can look very different. People often think epilepsy means full-body convulsions, but that’s just one of many types. Seizures can be as subtle as briefly staring into space, lip smacking, or mild jerking of a limb. The most common seizure types (called “focal seizures”) often involve just a pause or blank stare.

So if a friend with epilepsy seems fine most of the time, don’t assume they’re pretending. Many seizures just aren’t obvious to bystanders.

Myth: Epilepsy Means “Mental Illness” or Low Intelligence

Fact: Epilepsy is a brain disorder, not a psychiatric issue. Having epilepsy does not mean someone is “crazy” or intellectually disabled. Seizures stem from electrical signals in the brain; they don’t lower a person’s intelligence or emotional stability.

Most individuals with epilepsy have average or above-average intellect. Your value and abilities aren’t defined by epilepsy.

Myth: If You Have Epilepsy, You Must Avoid Sports and Physical Activity

Fact: You can be active and fit with epilepsy. In fact, regular exercise often helps the brain and may even reduce seizures. The key is to engage in activities safely. For example, avoid swimming alone and inform your coach or trainer about your epilepsy so they can assist if needed.

Don't assume you have to quit sports or the gym. The goal of treatment is to let you be seizure-free so you can participate in activities normally.

Myth: You Can’t Drive, Hold a Job, or Live Independently if You Have Epilepsy

Fact: Most individuals with epilepsy lead independent lives. Yes, uncontrolled seizures can restrict activities like driving or certain jobs, but many people are able to work, drive, and thrive.

With effective treatment, seizures can be controlled. After a seizure-free period, which often lasts 6-12 months depending on state laws, many people regain driving privileges. Individuals with epilepsy go to college, start careers, travel, and build families just like anyone else.

It's managing seizures—typically with medication—that makes these possibilities attainable. Therefore, the myth that all jobs or aspirations are off-limits is false. Some employers may have specific requirements, but accommodations improve constantly. Having epilepsy doesn’t stop you from dreaming big. Resources such as the Epilepsy Foundation can assist you with navigating driving laws and job-related opportunities.

Myth: If Someone is Seizing, You Must Stuff Something in Their Mouth

Fact: This action is dangerous and unnecessary. This harmful myth is prevalent in movies and even taught by well-meaning individuals. The truth is, no one can swallow their tongue during a seizure—it’s physically impossible.

Forcing something into their mouth can lead to broken teeth or choking. The correct first aid is summarized as “Stay. Safe. Side.”. Stay with the individual, keep them safe from injury by moving hard objects away, and gently turn them on their side to ensure they can breathe and any fluids drain. Time the seizure and seek medical help if it lasts too long. You don’t need to restrain or feed them; just support them safely and allow the seizure to pass.

Myth: Epilepsy is Inherited or Genetic

Fact: In many cases, the cause of epilepsy is unknown, and most aren’t directly inherited. While it’s true that some forms have genetic components, many individuals develop epilepsy after a brain injury or infection, or for no apparent reason. Approximately 75% of cases have no clear cause. You are not doomed to have seizures based solely on genetics.

Additionally, having epilepsy does not ensure your child will have it. Even if one parent has epilepsy, the child’s risk is only about 5-10%—compared to around 1-2% in the general population. Studies show that over 90% of women with epilepsy have healthy babies. Epilepsy medications have also improved for safety during pregnancy. In summary, epilepsy is rarely simply “passed down,” and most individuals with epilepsy can have families and healthy children.

Myth: Having Epilepsy Means You Can’t Have a Normal Romantic or Family Life

Fact: People with epilepsy can have fulfilling relationships and families. Many fear that epilepsy will scare off potential partners or make marriage impossible. The reality is that many individuals with epilepsy have thriving relationships.

Open communication is vital—partners should be informed about what to do during a seizure. Epilepsy doesn’t restrict love or intimacy. Couples where one partner has epilepsy learn together; sharing feelings and supporting each other can strengthen their bond. When deciding to have kids, modern care has made it easier. As noted earlier, 90% of children born to moms with epilepsy are perfectly healthy. While there is a slightly higher risk of complications, careful monitoring by a doctor ensures most pregnancies go smoothly. So don’t believe that epilepsy must limit your romantic or family aspirations. Many individuals with epilepsy date, marry, and raise children just like everyone else.

Conclusion: Embrace the Facts and Challenge the Myths

There are numerous myths about epilepsy, but facts are powerful. Most people with epilepsy lead lives similar to others once their seizures are managed. They have jobs, friends, partners, families, and dreams. We hope this clears up some confusion.

Always consult your doctor, epilepsy nurse, or a trusted medical website (like the CDC, WHO, or Epilepsy Foundation) if you’re uncertain about anything. If you ever feel isolated or stressed, reach out. Help is available through support groups and helplines. Remember, you are not alone, and knowing the facts can empower both you and those around you to challenge stigma.

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